The verbs ser and estar both mean ‘to be’. Ser is used with permanent things. Estar is used with temporary things. Adjectives can change their meaning according to whether ser or estar is used.

A conjugated verb is broken down into I, you, he/she/it, we and they. For example, the verb ‘to be,’ conjugated in the present tense is: I am, you are, he/she is, we are, and they are.