Or he or she may choose it in the middle of laparoscopic surgery. In open surgery, the doctor makes a larger incision in your upper belly. If you have open surgery, you will probably stay in the ...

Gallstones are broadly classified into 2 major types: cholesterol stones and pigment stones, with the former type being the most common. 5 They can develop either in the gallbladder or in the bile ...

enabling doctors to visualize and extract stones without the need for open surgery. For symptomatic gallstones, laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the most frequently performed surgical treatment.