Among patients with suspected MIBC, the incorporation of mpMRI for initial staging prior to transurethral resection of ...

This is an inspection of the bladder and the urethra using a cystoscope. There are two types of cystoscope: Rigid: A solid telescope which has a light and a separate channel to allow other ...

A negative CxM, would result in a planned flexible cystoscopy in 12 months. If a patient had a positive CxM, they proceeded to undergo a cystoscopy, and if required, imaging. Of the 98 that underwent ...

However, existing urine test kits have low sensitivity, and cystoscopy, which involves inserting a catheter into the urethra for internal bladder examination, is both painful and burdensome.