Joel Sachs, University of California, Riverside Nyholm and other biologists refer to the light organ as a “symbiotic organ” for its specialized role in housing and talking with the squid’s luminescent ...
They thrive on the abundant biopolymer lignocellulose, depending upon a phy-logenetically diverse community of hindgut microbes including Bacteria, Archaea, and unicellular amitochondriate Eukarya for ...
When different species work together for their mutual benefit, it is called symbiosis (or mutualism) — a process that is essential for the health of ecosystems. This is a cluster of Candida albicans ...
Insect symbiosis refers to the close and often long-term interactions between insects and microorganisms, particularly bacteria. These relationships can be mutualistic, where both the insect and ...
For example, pectinases are enzymes that break down pectins – indigestible dietary fibers for humans, but metabolized by many bacteria. Approximately half of the species of leaf beetles live in close ...