Gallbladder cancer is a malignancy that arises in the gallbladder wall, often discovered during investigations for gallstones ...
The tiny endoscope can be advanced into the bile duct or pancreatic duct to directly visualize a narrowing or blockage. If the exam shows narrowing of the ducts, biopsies can be taken, and a stent can ...
Based on the Japanese Society of Biliary Surgery Classification [48]. § Based on the TNM classification [21]. HA: Hepatic artery; PV: Portal vein. • T1: Tumor confined to the bile duct ...