As part of an experiment with x-rays in 1909, Rutherford was shooting a beam of alpha particles (or alpha rays, emitted by the radioactive element radium) at a sheet of gold foil only 1/3000 of an ...

Alpha particles come from the nucleus of a radioactive atom. They consist of 2 protons and 2 neutrons; hence have a 2+ charge. A few centimeters of air will stop them. Alpha radiation consists of ...

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The thicker the substance, the more the radiation is absorbed. Alpha, beta and gamma radiations penetrate materials in different ways. Alpha radiation is the least penetrating. It can be stopped ...